Christians have become the most persecuted followers of any religion in the world today, an inter-religious meeting in Moscow has heard. But the U.S. government appears to be scaling back its work to safeguard this crucial human right.

The International Conference on the Freedom of Religion and Discrimination against Christians, which took place earlier this month and brought together representatives of Orthodox, Catholic, Protestant, Jewish and Islamic communities and international religious experts, warned that the faith risks vanishing completely in parts of the world as a consequence, news website Zenit reports.

The conference heard that about 100 million Christians worldwide are suffering persecution and thousands die in religious conflicts. Metropolitan Hilarion, who heads the Russian Orthodox Church’s Foreign Relations Department, said the largest number affected live in Africa and the Middle East.

The participants attributed two main reasons to the increase in attacks: the loss of Christian roots and European secularism where secular authorities are increasingly marginalizing religion from public life; and Islamic radicalism, exacerbated by aggressive missionary work by representatives of different non-Christian sects, and distortions of Christian teaching.

It was within this context that the head of the United States Commission on International Religious Freedom (USCIRF), which monitors violations of religious freedom worldwide, addressed parliamentarians in London and Brussels last week.

Leonard Leo visited the European and British parliaments as a guest of the Rome-based Dignitatis Humanae Institute (Institute for Human Dignity). He warned a group of British peers Nov. 30 that in view of Christians facing increasing persecution and marginalization worldwide, governments must “respond robustly” to safeguard religious liberty.

At the meeting in the European Parliament on Nov. 29, Nirj Deva MEP, President of the International Committee on Human Dignity, described the USCIRF chief as “one of the most prominent campaigners for the promotion of religious liberty in the world today.” The organization, he added, played a “pivotal role in ensuring that the United States rises to the hopes of millions of oppressed people around the world, by keeping the issue of human rights firmly at the core of US foreign policy.”

The USCIRF is an independent, bipartisan U.S. federal government commission. Its Commissioners are appointed by the U.S. President and the leadership of both political parties in the Senate and the House of Representatives. USCIRF’s principal responsibilities are to review the facts and circumstances of violations of religious freedom internationally and to make policy recommendations to the President, the Secretary of State and Congress.

But despite its irreplaceable value, the organization may well be shut down on Dec. 16. Two continuing congressional resolutions had temporarily extended its life which had been threatened by budget cuts. But now a re-authorization bill has had a “hold” placed on it by Senate majority whip, Sen. Richard Durbin (D-Ill.), according to CNS News.

This means it is increasingly unlikely that USCIRF’s life will be extended beyond Dec. 16. The Government Services Administration has notified the Commission that it must take steps to prepare for closure of the agency.

News of USCIRF’s possible closure comes as the Vatican’s “foreign minister,” Archbishop Dominique Mamberti, called for an international day against persecution of Christians. He told the Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe (OSCE) Dec. 7 that there may be 200 million Christians, of different confessions, “who are in difficulty because of legal and cultural structures that lead to their discrimination.” For this reason, he proposed the institution of an International Day against persecution and discrimination of Christians as “an important sign that governments are willing to deal with this serious issue.”

“In view of Archbishop Mamberti’s comments, now is really not the time for a government such as the United States, with its almost unique moral standing of leadership on world stage, to be scaling back its commitment to defending those who are persecuted for their faith,” said Benjamin Harnwell, founder of the Institute for Human Dignity.